Launching any long-term project in the Middle East is very challenging. The element of instability is numerous and can not be controlled by any single state. Many strong regional powers faced coups, sudden revolutions or rebellions, external interventions, internal conflicts and elite wars. The most ironic moment in this regard was the last day of 1977, when Jimmy Carter, the President of the US, described Iran as ‘an island of stability’ in his meeting with Mohammad Reza Shah. However, a few days later, Iran faced a 13-month uprising process leading to the collapse of the Shah. Another irony occured in September 2010 when the leaders of the Arab world presented their plans in the General Assembly of the United Nations. Many of them fell in power and were even killed a few months later, following the Arab Uprising. The elements and factors of instability in the Middle East will be discussed here.